Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Reducing Recidivism, Provide Treatment For Offenders, And...

In the United States and around the world there is an epidemic involving drug addiction. Also, we are facing a growing problem revolving around prison overcrowding, due to inmates that have committed drug related crimes, or offences while under the influence. There’s a solution that would help society and lessen overcrowding, and that’s to help those that are committing crimes due to an addiction disorder. In this paper, I will explore option’s that will help the growing population, reduce recidivism, provide treatment for offenders, and assist with re-entry. Substance use disorder is characterized by: the use of a mood or behavior altering substance in a maladaptive pattern resulting in significant impairment or distress, such as†¦show more content†¦According to Murray (2013), In 2011 the Bureau of Prison’s reported drug offenders constitute for 46.4 percent of the state prison population and 60 percent of the federal population. Many persons arrested were actively engaged in drug use around the time of their arrest. Current urinalysis surveys of persons arrested in twenty-two major cities in the U.S indicted that roughly over half of arrestees tested positive for at least one illicit drug. While 45 percent of state prisoners and 41 percent of federal prisoners say, they were under the influence of drugs when they committed their offence. Therefore, It is clear that drug related behavior takes up a significant part of the prison population. Along with overcrowding comes increased costs to house offenders. The costs of incarceration in the United States are high. Murray (2013) continued to state that, The Federal Bureau of Prisons calculated the average yearly cost to incarcerate an inmate at $31,286. The average cost for a state prisoner was $24,870 and the cost for those housed in local jails was $20,225. This varies depending on state and security level. Considering costs and the swelling inmate population. It has be come imperative to find ways of keeping offenders from reverting to crime. Thereby reducing the amount money devoted to new jails. Intensive substance abuse treatment programs have become an important partShow MoreRelatedIncarceration Of The United States3014 Words   |  13 Pagespresence of recidivism. With our ever growing incarceration rates and the cost of housing individual offenders averaging $22,000 a criminal justice agenda. Recidivism refers to a person s relapse into criminal behavior resulting in rearrests, reconviction or return to prison with or without a new sentence during a three-year period following the prisoner s release (National Institute of Justice.) Many programs have been implemented in our prison system to help reduce the recidivism rates. ProgramsRead MorePrograms That Help Convicts Return Of The Community1520 Words   |  7 Pagesof information and support programs are offered to guide convicted criminals released from federal and state prisons and jai ls prepare for their reentrance into society. These programs’ main aim is to equip prisoners with skills and information to assist them in their transition from prison into the community and help them survive life outside of prison. These curriculums offer a lot of relevant knowledge according to each prisoner’s situation. This process phase of the development is called â€Å"ProtectRead MoreDo Prisons Work Essay example2876 Words   |  12 PagesIncarceration and Treatment Programs. Critically examine the Current Treatment Programs offered and Subsequent Impact on Recidivism upon Individuals being released globally and WA specifically. This study will examine the effectiveness of current prison treatment programs in Australia, New Zealand, South East Asia, United States of America in rehabilitating or reforming an individual and coinciding recidivism rates upon a prisoners release. Prison based treatment programs for sex offenders in WesternRead MoreThe Drug Addiction Epidemic Of America Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesinheritance or life insurance proceeds. For those addicts who want rehabilitation, finding a bed in a treatment center is a challenge; thus, many become frustrated and continue on a path of destruction. If addicts commit a criminal offense, the courts provide assistance. Due to the over- crowding of jails and prisons, many states are increasing the level of supervision, the level of drug treatment, and the intensity of probation at the front end as a formula to put broken people on the right trackRead MoreThe United States Prison System Essay1927 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States prison system struggles eminently with keeping offenders out of prison after being released. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, more than third of all prisoners who were arrested within five years of released were arrested within six months after release, with more than half arrested by the end of the year (Hughes, Wilson, Beck, 2001). Among prisoners released in 2005 in 23 states with available data on inmates returned to pri son, about half (55 percent) had eitherRead MoreCorrectional Facilities And A Safe Environment For Both Inmates And The Staff Of The Facility Essay1929 Words   |  8 Pagesrelased from America’s state and federal prisons every week and arrive on the doorsteps of our nation’s communities† (â€Å"Prisoners and Prisoner Re-Entry, para 1). Understanding and knowing what works within a facility can mean life or death. It is also important that society understands that these inmates will most likely re-enter society. How they react when they re-enter the community is dependent upon what they learn and how they are treated within the facility where they are housed. Correctional facilitiesRead MoreEssay about Recidivism: Prison and Ex-offenders2347 Words   |  10 PagesThe Argumentative Research Paper Melissa Walker (an acquaintance of the author) sits within the walls of her concrete cell at Fluvanna Correctional Center for Women (FCCW). Walker is making a contribution to this year’s recidivism rate. She was released from prison in 2008 after serving seven years of confinement. Sadly to say, this year she reoffended by stealing credit card information from her â€Å"Productive Citizenship† instructor. Her new charges are credit card theft, forgery, as well asRead MorePrison : Recidivism And Reentry3158 Words   |  13 PagesWomen in Prison: Recidivism and Reentry The study of recidivism amongst women in prison is important because most research focuses on the male population. The reasons for the â€Å"revolving door† phenomenon are different for women; therefore, their treatment should be more gender focused and specific to their needs. Judging by the rates at which women recidivate, you could assume that somewhere along the way the system has failed them. What role does drug use, motherhood, mental health, physicalRead MorePrison : Recidivism And Reentry3158 Words   |  13 PagesWomen in Prison: Recidivism and Reentry The study of recidivism amongst women in prison is important because most research focuses on the male population. The reasons for the â€Å"revolving door† phenomenon are different for women; therefore, their treatment should be more gender focused and specific to their needs. Judging by the rates at which women recidivate, you could assume that somewhere along the way the system has failed them. What role does drug use, motherhood, mental health, physicalRead MorePreventing Delinquency And Its Effects On Society1831 Words   |  8 Pagesyoung lives from being wasted, but also prevents adult criminal careers and reduces the burden of crime on its victims and on society. He claims that it costs states billions of dollars a year to arrest, prosecute, incarcerate, and treat juvenile offenders. Investing in successful delinquency-prevention programs can save taxpayers seven to ten dollars for every dollar invested, primarily in the form of reduced spending on prisons. The mo st successful community-based programs are those that have huge

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

How Did Julius Caesar Affect Rome Essay - 1119 Words

Julius Caesar was a very influential figure in Roman history. Many features of the Roman Empire came from his reign as dictator. But what, specifically, were some of those great achievements? In this research paper, I will explain Julius Caesar’s youth, the Roman Republic before Caesar came to power, the Roman government before Caesar became dictator-for-life, the effects of Julius Caesar, the reasons for his assassination, and what affects there were when the public learned about his assassination. Julius Caesar, born Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus Augustus, was born into a family of patricians. In fact, he was able to trace his lineage back to Romulus, the first king of Rome (Gill, N.S.). His birth of around July 12, 100†¦show more content†¦The Roman government was democratic when it came to the citizens. The citizens could elect their own officials, and the officials were supposed to represent every level of Roman society. There were many types of official s. The two consuls were the chief officials of Rome. Once elected, they served for two years (Trueman, Chris). One of their most important powers was controlling the army (Government under Roman Republic). When they were unsure of a course of action, they were advised by the Senate, a council of around six hundred male citizens (Trueman, Chris). Those six hundred men were usually from wealthy patrician families and were the ones in charge of making the laws and controlling the spending. Contrary to the election of the other officials, the Senate was appointed by the current Consuls. Once they were appointed, they served for life. When one member died, another was chosen in their place (Government). Another official was the praetor (plural praetors or praetores). These officers were responsible for judicial cases of equity, and they were also responsible for the production and upkeep of the public games. When the consuls were absent, praetors were to exercise authority in the g overnment. Before 337 B.C., the position was limited to the patricians of Rome, but after then, it was open to plebeians. Originally, there was a single praetor in charge of matters of equity. Then a secondShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Cleopatra And Cleopatra1523 Words   |  7 PagesPhilopator.) â€Å"In 59 Caesars, with this backing, secured his first consulship, in which he ruthlessly overrode the opposition and disregarded the vetoes of his pro-senatorial colleague. Then, between 58 and 51, he conquered the whole of central and northern Gaul as far as the River Rhine, which he briefly crossed.† (Grant 29) After Caesar and his army crushed Gaul, both parties became exceptionally affluent. In 49 BC, Caesar attacked Pompey and his men later deserting them. Caesar was victorious, PompeyRead More Julius Caesar - A Comparison of Brutus and Cassius Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesJulius Caesar - A Comparison of Brutus and Cassius      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the play Julius Caesar, written and preformed by William Shakespeare, there are many characters, but two, Brutus and Cassius, stood out. The play begins in Rome where a celebration of Julius Caesars victory over the former ruler of Rome, Pompeii. The victory leads to Caesars betrayal by his jealous companions. Senators and other high status figures are jealous of Caesars new and growing power, while others, like Brutus, fearRead MoreAnalysis of Marcus Brutus in Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare800 Words   |  4 Pagestragic play Julius Caesar, the protagonist, Brutus, conspires against and successfully kills Caesar; to only find the city he loves in chaos and mutiny from his actions. Brutus in the eyes of many people was a noble and honorable man who loved and adored the city of Rome, and no person thought more of this than Caesar. To Caesar, Brutus was the son he never had, and his love of Brutus was known, therefore the thought of Brutus betraying him wa s absurd. However, imagine if not only Brutus did not loveRead MoreBrutuss Reasoning in Julius Caesar by Shakespeare Essay813 Words   |  4 Pagestragic play Julius Caesar, the protagonist, Brutus, conspires against and successfully kills Caesar; to only find the city he loves in chaos and mutiny from his actions. Brutus in the eyes of many people was a noble and honorable man who loved and adored the city of Rome, and no person thought more of this than Caesar. To Caesar, Brutus was the son he never had, and his love of Brutus was known, therefore the thought of Brutus betraying him was absurd. However, imagine if not only Brutus did not loveRead MoreAnalysis Of Brutus In The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar1147 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. In this play the noble Brutus is persuaded by a group of conspirators that Julius Caesar, a friend of Brutus, should be killed before he is crowned the king. Following the death of Caesar, Brutus speaks out to the people of Rome. He left his speech feeling extremely confident, but soon came to find an angry city upset by the death of their future king. Consequently, Brutus and the other conspirators had no other option but to flee Rome. Eventually, a war startedRead MoreThe Pressue is On: The Impacts of Peer Pressure in Julius Caesar by Shakespeare905 Words   |  4 Pages Listening to peer pressure has the power to shift one’s fate. William Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, demonstrates how pressuring a man to execute an atrocity will have a detrimental impact on his life. As a scheme forms to overthrow a rising emperor and his followers, the men in the conspiracy of murdering Caesar create more damage than value. Eventually, the rising tension to kill an upcoming ruler creates a downfall of the Roman Empire, a breaking of trust among companions, and the deathRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book One Bad Apple Spoils The Bunch 1744 Words   |  7 PagesGermany into his own ruthless image. William Shakespeare may have died long before Hitler ever existed, but he too knew the effects of a rotten apple. In his play, Julius Caesar, Shakespeare shows how one jealous man, Caius Cassius, changes the course of history by manipulating his friend Brutus into the murder of the Roman dictator [Caesar]. Brutus’s internal and external conflicts th roughout the play prove that one â€Å"rotten† man can be a terrible influence on society. Shakespeare first demonstratesRead MoreThe Effect Of Julius Caesar1234 Words   |  5 PagesMSD PIKE TOWNSHIP The effect of Julius Caesar McKinney Smith Mr.Lee/ period 6 12/2/2014 Julius Caesar was a man who was uncommonly uncommon. He had never been brought around any kind of weaknesses. He was firm to face all dangers and wrongs that incorporated him. He had a tall and appealing stature and was to a great degree congenial. The overall population was something he was minding of, and it was minding of him, also. All his behavior were dumbfounding (Abbott 14). It was this that broughtRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis1546 Words   |  7 PagesTragedy of Julius Caesar, it demonstrates that being too trusting of someone could end with bad consequences. In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, one of the main characters, Brutus, trusted his best friend, Cassius, with everything. Brutus trusted that Cassius was right about him being a new ruler of Rome, how killing Caesar would make a safer and better living space for the community, and that the people would support Brutus while he was leading. Cassius saw that Brutus trusted him. He knew how naive BrutusRead MoreR eview Of The Bacchae, The Aeneid, And Book 15 Of Metamorphoses Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pagessocieties of ancient Greece and Rome, there was a plethora of regimes, Caesars, and empires at the helm of everyday life. The political sphere encountered in the daily routines of ancient Greeks and Romans gave influence to the multitude of literary works produced in these societies. The works of Euripides, Virgil, and Ovid gave a vehicle for these writers to infuse commentary about the politics of the day. Politics is how groups of people organize making decisions that affect the individuals contained

Monday, December 9, 2019

Racism Inhibit Adequate Provision Of Nursing-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Racism Inhibit Adequate Provision Of Nursing? Answer: Introducation Racism leads to harmful actions just because a person is perceived to come from a certain ethnic background. That prejudice based on the color of skin or a certain ethnicity should impact the healthcare delivery to a patient is unjust and compromises the health of a person is unfortunate. The impact of the differential interpersonal behaviour on the patient who is already facing health issues can occur in the form of psychological distress (Kelaher, Ferdinand, Paradies, 2014). Patients who approach the healthcare system for relief from disease or illness return with negative experiences that causes them mental agony and the purpose of the healthcare system stands defeated. This also means that when the profession of nursing is laced with racism the care provision becomes unsafe for the patient. Reacting to the color of the patient, in an overt or a covert manner occurs because of prejudice and preconceived notions about the people of color being inferior than white people. In case of the Aboriginal people from Australia, the effects of colonisation, poverty have marginalised and disempowered the population. When they try to access healthcare, the racism that they have to endure is often due to the insensitivity of the white nurses who have little regard to the history that was unkind to this section of the population. The delay in seeking healthcare, their disengagement from the mainstream society, their cultural values that make them see health and well-being in a different light are often ignored. This occurs due to a lack of cultural insensitivity(Trueman, Mills, Usher, 2011).The racial discrimination has caused so much distress that the Aboriginal patients in Australia prefer to get culturally competent care from nurses who belong to their own community because they are understood better. This ensures better health outcomes for people who are discriminated against in healthcare settings on the grounds of race (Kelly, et al., 2014). Typification of Asian women in health services and the perception that all of them are alike has led to racial discrimination that undermines individual differences among them (Bowler, 1993). This has even led to improper delivery of care. Their low pain thresholds have been perceived as too much 'noise making' by all Asian women. Derogatory references to responses when experiencing pain can often result in delivery of unequal care and raises the possibility of inequities in healthcare delivery. The impact of not speaking English as a first language, differences in perception of colored patients, typification of a class of patients based on their ethnicity can cause deficiencies in the delivery of healthcare. This can affect the quality of care and is against the principle of unbiased care. In conclusion, experiences of a certain kind with one or a few patients are often used to stereotype the whole ethnic group. This causes gaps in delivery of care. Often patients who are discriminated against are dealt with in an unfair manne References Bowler, I. (1993). 'They are not the same as us': midwives' stereotypes of south-asian maternity patients. Sociology of health and illness, 15(2):157-178. Kelaher, M., Ferdinand, A., Paradies, Y. (2014). Experiencing racism in health care: the mental health impacts for Victorian Aboriginal communities. Medical Journal of Australia, 201(1):44-7. Kelly, J., West, R., Gamble, J., Sidebotham, M., Carson, V., Duffy, E. (2014). She knows how we feel': Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander childbearing women's experience of Continuity of Care with an Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander midwifery student. Women Birth, 27(3):157-62. Trueman, S., Mills, J., Usher, K. (2011). Racism in Contemporary Australian Nursing. Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, 35(5):19-22.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Mentors role free essay sample

The alm of this assignment Is to critically analyse the learning environment and to discuss the mentors role In supporting learners during their clinical placement, acknowledging mentors accountability throughout the whole process. Mentorship is a very complex, Integral role which has been described by Kinnell and Hughes (2010) as a process of transferring knowledge, skills and attitudes from mentors to students, facilitating learning In order to ensure their fitness for practice. Clutterbuck (2006) considered mentors role as a learning provider and role model, as well as a hallenging, critical friend, from network building and resourcefulness to listening and helping students to find out what they want to achieve. In 2008, The Nursing and Midwifery Council published Standards to support learning and assessment in practice. The document highlights the Importance of sharing knowledge and expertise with others, identifying the key responsibilities of a mentor: establishing effective working relationships, assessment and accountability, leadership, creating an appropriate learning environment In the context of evidence based practice, facilitate learning and evaluating it. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentors role or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Successful learning is associated with creating a positive and supportive learning environment and is regarded as essential in transferring learning for students (Henderson et al, 2006). Mentors should ensure that learning environments are learner centred. Ali and Panther (2008) noted that, the clinical learning experience is an integral and invaluable resource in developing nursing students and the quality of the clinical placements has a fundamental Influence upon the learning process. The level of support and guidance that students receive from suitably qualified practitioners, able to assess their competence, is the ey to successful practice learning. Price (2004) suggests that the learning environment needs to be continually monitored by clinical staff and audited In order to maintain quality and to provide appropriate support for learners. An effective placement for students Is perceived according to their own personal goals and aspirations. The context of practice for this review is a Respiratory Centre, which is very well resourced clinical area with highly experienced members of staff who deliver care for patients with acute or chronic respiratory conditions. The Centre ncompasses the Outpatients Department, Procedures suite, Physiology Department and a Day Ward. The staff have specialised knowledge and skills, being able to perform a variety of investigative procedures and a multitude of therapies guided by the National services Framework for Respiratory Health and wellbeing (2009). The Matrons and Senior Sisters display very good leadership skills (Gopee 2008), creating and preserving a learning environment, motivating and encouraging the members of staff to reach their full potential by ensuring various continuing professional learning programmes are available for staff. The Respiratory Centre is committed to supporting students achieve the desired level to promote maximum confidence and experience In safely delivering effective and efficient evidence based patient care services despite the high demands to the Centre and the staff as acknowledged by Clark et al (2003). In order to promote learning, the teacher needs to develop t Ofs genulne, non-tnreatenlng relatlonsnlp, Dasea on mutual trust ana respect witn student (Hand 2006). The mentor-student relationship needs to remain at a professional level, rather than personal, as it can interfere in mentors assessment nd should not be allowed. Wallace (2003) considered a good mentor encourages the students to ask questions and clarify queries. One of the most useful communication skills in mentoring is active listening (Bayley et al 2004). Being approachable, patient and having a good sense of humour are essential attributes for a mentor, as identified by Ali and Panther (2008). Students orientation in a new clinical area is the gateway to a successful placement and establishing effective working relationship with the student (Beskin 2009). The orientation includes introducing the student to he team and culture, giving them a tour of the area, essential information as fire and emergency procedures, security issues, policies and procedures. Making a student to feel welcomed and accepted as part of the team should be a mentors first priority (Hilton and Pollard 2005). Students, especially if they are on their first clinical placement, can find a specialised learning environment intimidating and overwhelming at times. For some students, the realisation that they have to acquire basic knowledge on specialised wards makes them feel frustrated, lowers their self- esteem and interferes with their learning. By developing an effective learning contract, considering students previous experience, their needs and expectations, the mentor can avoid this problem and keep the student motivated and focused on aspects of practice that are appropriate to their stage of learning. Introduction of learning contracts has showed a significant improvement in students performance (Lemieux 2001). Learning contracts are used for the learners evidence of achievement, as required by the University (Hyatt et al 2008). They are considered to be an effective tool for developing mentor-student relationship while encouraging tudents autonomy (Quinn Hughes 2007). It is very important to encourage the student to become self-directed in the development of their needs whilst using their mentor as learning resource (Morton-Cooper and Palmer 2000). During their placement in the Respiratory Centre students have the opportunity to work within the Multidisciplinary Team, enabling them to observe and practice a holistic approach to patient care which enhances their knowledge and skills. It has been suggested that short placements and visits to other ward areas maximizes the learning experience and enables students to gain a variety and skills and pportunities (Hand 2006). The nursing team in the Respiratory Centre have created a Student Guideline Handbook which enables them to adhere to policies and procedures followed by the team. The Handbook introduces them to the basic knowledge needs, a variety of learning opportunities, the importance of the inter- professional learning team and students responsibilities; all these should encourage them to follow a gradual progression of learning from simple to complex task building. Siviter (2004) discussed the high expectancy for student to absorb considerable amount of information during their course as a foundation for later ractice, before the student actually understands why it is important. It saves the nursing student time spent searching for sources and information and points the students towards sources of academic support. One of the negative influential factors upon students learning is the busy nature of the clinical environment. Mentors snou10 acknowledge It ana deal wltn tne proDlems assoclatea In order to prevent student alienation and loss of motivation. Clinical experience shows that students can also learn by observing evidence based practice and through direct interaction with patients. Having the appropriate support and supervision encourages them to play a part alongside their mentors. Making time for students can be challenging due to the workload and dual responsibilities of mentors for patient care and student mentoring. This affects the mentor-student relationship and results in compromising learning (Bennet 2003). Walsh (2010) suggested that mentors have to be creative, finding the opportunity for frequent short interactions with the student and dedicate time to teaching them; this helps the student to feel supported. Staff shortages, the number of students and various other ward challenges can result n a stressful environment. When the situation arises, it can have a negative impact upon staff morale and affects the standard of the care delivered and students experience (Moseley Davies 2008). The environment is most conducive to learning when all members of staff are motivated and team spirit is present. Learners that have the opportunity to practice in this type of environment are likely to attain more educational achievements. Hand (2006) discussed the importance of mentors awareness of different learning theories and styles. By conducting an initial meeting ith the learner, the mentor can identify their learning needs and styles. Learning has been defined as changes in knowledge, skills and attitudes (Curzon 2004). Using different strategies when teaching and learning is related to the facilitators preference and their experience. There are more than 50 theories of learning but Atherton (2009) discussed the broad theories of learning: behaviourism, cognitivism, humanism and constructivism. Atherton also talks about learning styles, utilising Kolbs experiential learning cycle (Kolb 1984) to include: the pragmatist-active xperimentation, activist-concrete experience, reflector-reflective observation and theorist-abstract conceptualisation. The mentor should ensure that the learner proceeds around the cycle in a way that is suitable for their learning style. Skinners Behaviourist Theory (1974) talks about learning by association, considering learning environments fundamental to learning. Maslows Humanistic theory (1968) provides a holistic approach to learning by empowering the learner and teacher as a facilitator. Bruners Cognitive Theory (1966) describes how learners use mental activities for better understanding of their learning materials. Mentors are role models and the quality of learning depends on the quality of the role model. In 2010, Walsh stated that successful learning depends on the characteristics of the mentor and the learner, the subject to be learnt and the external environment. He has also explored the toxic mentor concept, their impact upon students experience and how the experiences can become positive. By encouraging the students to use Prices SWOT analysis- Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats (2004) the mentors can support students to identify their learning needs. That can empower the students, mprove their performance and monitor their progress Brockbank McGill, 2006). Mentors are also required to involve students in interprofessional learning environment and assess their proficiency as discussed by Chesser-Smith in 2005. One of the NMC requirements is that mentors have to assess student nurses during their clinical placements in order to ensure fitness for practice and protect the public (NMC 20080). some 0T tne stu01es (Stuart 2 ana Hyatt et al 2 that, the most frequently used methods of assessment is: observation, questioning, feedback from staff and scrutiny of patients documentation completed by the tudent. Mentors accountability within the assessment process in order to ensure safe practice and their responsibility to fail those students who do not meet the required objectives has been reiterated by NMC(2008). Through early meetings, mentors need to be able to identify the areas where students struggle; these can become focus areas that need developing, especially when the student has a disability problem like dyslexia, so they can avoid potential failings (Duffy 2004 and Woodcock 2009). Mentors are responsible for the formative and summative assessments of their students (ENB and DOH 2001 , pp9). A five-dimensional model of assessment has been found to be a useful assessment tool by Kinnell and Hughes (2010). The tool includes: the rationale for assessment, the components and process of assessment, evaluation and action plan. The evaluation is regarded as a vital part of the mechanism of quality assurance and it is based on feedback, review, discussions and the final implementation of the change. Providing constructive feedback helps students learn from that experience and helps creating a supportive action plan (Price 2005).